Air filtration apparatus and method

ABSTRACT

An air filtration apparatus is disclosed. During inhale response, user&#39;s breath opens a first air valve causing air flow through replaceable filter through a chamber to a mouth piece disposed in a user&#39;s mouth. During exhale response, user&#39;s breath closes first valve causing one or more exhaust valves to open. In one embodiment, inhale and exhale responses are displaced from one another to provide better isolation of replaceable filter.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates generally to the field of athletic and sportsbreathing gear and assemblies, and more specifically in one exemplaryaspect to an air filtration mouth piece and apparatus to reduce dust,smoke, and allergen related illnesses.

2. Description of Related Technology

Air filtering and breathing assemblies are well known in the art. Suchassemblies are utilized to prevent or reduce the opportunity of lungrelated illness when participating in activities in high smoke, highpollutant, and high allergen environments. Some related art patentsdiscussed below (and incorporated by reference in their entirety) arerepresentative art of these conventional assemblies. In one related artexample, US 2008/0168996 published Jul. 17, 2008, by Willis et al.entitled “ANIMASKS KID'S DUST MASKS AKA CHILD FRIENDLY FILTER MASK”discloses a mask made of printed die-cut cotton fibers for versatilefund character designs, with OEM Adjusters and staples. In yet anotherrelated art example, US2008/0190436 entitled “NASAL AND ORAL PATIENTINTERFACE” by Jaffe et al. published Aug. 14, 2008, discloses a patientinterface for communicating fluids to and/or from a patient nasal cavityand/or oral cavity.

In another related prior art, U.S. Pat. No. 7,406,966 entitled “METHODAND DEVICE FOR NON-INVASIVE VENTILATION WITH NASAL INTERFACE” by Wondkaissued Aug. 5, 2008, discloses a nose ventilation interface including apair of tubes to deliver a ventilation gas. The tubes are attachable ata first end to a ventilation gas supply hose and engageable at a secondend with a person's nostril. In yet another related art, U.S. Pat. No.7,392,806 issued Jul. 1, 2008, entitled “ELECTRONIC HUMAN BREATHFILTRATION DEVICE” by Yuen et al. discloses a portable human bodycarrying electronic human filtration device that is an electronic nosemask. The device utilizes electronic ionization technique andelectrostatic field to remove air borne particles, dust, pollen,contaminants, bacteria, viruses, toxic chemical, fume and tobacco smokefrom human inhalation and exhalation breath. In another related priorart, U.S. Pat. No. 7,380,551 entitled “BREATHING APPARATUS” by Alverythat issued Jun. 3, 2008, discloses an SCBA system for providing bottledair to a user and a PAPR system for purifying ambient air for use by auser. In yet another related prior art, U.S. Pat. No. 6,971,388 entitled“INTERNAL NASAL DILATOR FILTER” by Michaels issued on Dec. 6, 2005,discloses a nasal filtration and internal nasal dilation system thatoperate synchronously to provide air filtration by retaining particle ina single piece foam nasal filter during inhalation through the nose.

In contrast to the above instances, air filtering apparatus may furtherbe desired to achieve still wider variety of protection and/or aircleaning options and provide improved user comfort and wearing pleasureas well as provide various types of and configurations that areadjustable to fit a user without requiring complicatedattachment/de-attachment hardware. In one instance, eliminate or reducethe need for professionals or buckles, bolts, or screws to secure an airfiltration apparatus to your body. In yet another instance, an airfiltration device may be needed that provides breathability and airflowat least in designated areas or expose a larger effective surface areaso that a more consistent air flow may be realized a user. In anotherinstance, a manufacturer or user may find it beneficial that aprotective device have one or more removable and replaceable andwashable components. Furthermore, a user may further desire theprospective device to be easily assembled or disassembled “on the fly”and easily installed or removed on a user's body in a minimal time. Inaddition, a user desires the protective device durable but alsoconformable to wear and to create minimal restriction in a user'smovement or normal breathing pattern.

Thus, what is needed are improved protective apparatus and methodologythat permits easy initial configuring and reconfiguring, i.e., provideadaptability, and upgrade capability so that the same unit be utilized(or added-on to) if new functionality (e.g., chest protection) isdesired. Furthermore, such improved apparatus and methods would alsoideally allow a person other than a professional or licensed personal toadjust or retrofit the air filtration device, and would further permitcreation of user-customized air filtration configurations and customizedfit and appearance of the air filtration device as well as new patternsrequiring minimal efforts, e.g., minimal adjustment or removal andreplacement or adaptation of existing components. Furthermore, thedevice should provide improved air flow so that condensation isprevented from building up in the air filtration device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one aspect of the present invention, an air filtration assembly isdisclosed. The air filtration assembly includes a replaceable filtershaped to conform to a user's mouth piece area.

During inhale, a user's breath opens a first air valve causing air flowthrough the replaceable filter through a chamber to a mouth piecedisposed in a user's mouth. In one embodiment, the first air valueopens, in one instance, parallel to air flow direction. In one variant,first air valve (e.g., intake valve) includes diaphragm, for instance,with one or more venting or flapping structures which, for example, openand close in response to a user's breath flow. In one embodiment, firstair valve incorporated with several venting structures, e.g., louvers,moveable venting elements or structures. In one embodiment, first airback stop disposed proximal a direction of air flow of replaceablefilter cooperates with first air valve to prevent air flow when firstair value occupies a closed position. During exhale, user's breaththrough the chamber at least partially closes first air valve and opensat least partially second air valve (and in one embodiment an exhaustvalve) to release exhaled air into the environment; thereby, thisexhaust system prevents condensation build-up in air filtration device.

In one embodiment, air filtration system includes replaceable andinterchangeable components, e.g., diaphragms or air flow back stops, toprovide for customization, for instance, a pressure at which user'sbreath flow opens, closes, or partially opens or closes first or secondair valve. In this way, air filtration device's interchangeable natureprovide amenability to custom tailor environmental pressures ortemperatures, body types, body size, or type of sporting event. In yetanother embodiment, exhale system may include two air valves positionedaway from each other, e.g., substantially orthogonal, to air flow inhaledirection of inhale of first air valve.

These and other embodiments, aspects, advantages, and features of thepresent invention will be set forth in part in the description whichfollows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art byreference to the following description of the invention and referenceddrawings or by practice of the invention. The aspects, advantages, andfeatures of the invention are realized and attained by means of theinstrumentalities, procedures, and combinations particularly pointed outin the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of air filtration apparatus in user'smouth in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of air filtration apparatus in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top-cut away view of air filtration apparatus of intakevalve in open and closed positions, exhaust valves and movable diaphragmin open and closed positions, and mouth piece with insertion betweenuser's teeth and tongue in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4 is a front perspective view of air filtration apparatus in user'smouth using a nose piece in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIG. 5 is a logical flow diagram illustrating one exemplary embodimentof a method of operation of air filtration apparatus in accordance withan embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference is now made to the drawings wherein like numerals refer tolike parts throughout.

Overview

In one salient aspect, the present invention discloses apparatus andmethods for, inter alia, producing air filtration apparatus as well asprovide custom capabilities, in one variant, to produce variousconfigurations customized for a particular breathing style or type ofenvironment to provide protection from, e.g., dust, pollen, rag weed,smoke, construction materials, glues, or the like. In particular, thepresent invention discloses apparatus and process to provide airfiltration apparatus having separate input and output exhaust ports, forinstance, to prevent condensation build-up while user exercising orbreathing heavily into air filtration apparatus. Furthermore, the airfiltration apparatus is easily assembled or disassembled and many of itscomponents may be washed or replaced with minimal skill or effort.Furthermore, the present invention by effectively removing pollen andother allergens may reduce the frequency or dosage of or completelyeliminate user's allergy medication requirements.

Furthermore, the present invention discloses air filtration apparatusapplicable to protect user while participating in outdoor, high impactsports, e.g., motor cross racing, motor bicycle racing, all terrainvehicle riding, having adjustment and attachment capability, forinstance, quick release fasteners to removably attach a multitude ofwashable or replaceable components. In one embodiment, multitude ofprotective devices includes carbon filter, front or back grille,mouthpiece, intake air valve and diaphragm operatively connectedthereto, backstop of diaphragm from intake air valve(s), output airvalve(s), and one or more diaphragms attached thereto. Furthermore, airfiltration apparatus includes minimal weight composite materials and isergonomically designed to improve user comfort and prevent unnecessaryrestriction of movement of a user. In one embodiment, mouth piece isintegrated with a nose piece (e.g., fold down unit) and mouth pieceseal. In one embodiment, nose piece at least partially prevents air flowthrough user's nostrils. In one variant of this embodiment, nose piecemay restrict air flow to nose area, e.g., below user's nostril region,and thereby advantageously provide increased air flow throughmouthpiece. As recognized by one skilled in the art, principles of thepresent invention are applicable to other applications, e.g., lunginjury rehabilitation and/or supplement existing allergen medicalprograms so as to reduce a dosage of allergy medication and to preventsickness when used in a dusty environment or an recovery room, e.g.,hospital emergency room, rehabilitation center, homeless shelter, animalrescue shelter, or the like.

Exemplary Extension Apparatus

Referring now to FIGS. 1-4, exemplary embodiments of the air filtrationapparatus of the invention are described in detail. It will beappreciated that while described primarily in the context of an airfiltration apparatus for sporting events, at least portions of theapparatus and methods described herein may be used in otherapplications, such as for example and without limitation applicationsincluding employees working in a dusty or smoke laden environment, e.g.,firefighters, construction workers, indoor or outdoor painters, asbestosabatement workers, seasonal allergy suffering individuals and the like.A myriad other functions will be recognized by those of ordinary skillin the art given the present disclosure.

As best illustrated in FIGS. 1-4, operation of air filtration assembly100 is disclosed. Air filtration assembly 100 (shown in mouth 101 ofuser 102) includes replaceable filter 103. In one embodiment,replaceable filter 103 may be an organic carbon-based filter to removeair borne allergens and contaminates. In yet another embodiment,replaceable filter 102 may be activated carbon filter to capture andtrap biomaterial, biohazards, dust, allergens, or the like. In yetanother embodiment, replaceable filter may be layered, porous materialintegrated with beneficial properties of various filter materials andprovides a progressive filtering capability (e.g., to removecontaminants in stages) as compared to many conventional single stagefiltering units.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, replaceable filter 103 may be a charcoalfilter 104 (proximal to inner surface of front cover) and cotton filter105 (as second stage filter) after charcoal filter 104. In contrast toconventional filtration systems having one type/size filter fits allapproach, the present embodiment provides for replaceable filter 103properties to be custom tuned or selected to eliminate or reduce achosen user allergen particulate matter, e.g., smoke, dust, rag wedpollen, that may be inherent to a particular environment, e.g., mountainbicycling, jogging, running, walking, and roller blading in a smog ladenvalley or mountain range. In one embodiment, shape of replaceable filter103 that dimensionality conforms to that of front cover 120 and backcover 118.

In one exemplary embodiment, mouth piece portion 107 fits into user'smouth 101 and, for example, snaps onto back cover 118 (shown in FIG. 2)using ridges 126 a, 126 b. In one variant, mouth piece 107 includescontoured plastic or rubber adapter 109 (shown in FIG. 2, 3) thatinserts along an inner surface of user 102 mouth, e.g., occupying acircumferential area defined by user's tooth area 122. In anothervariant, mouth piece rubber adapter 109 fits over user's tongue 124. Inyet another variant, mouth piece 107 includes one or more snapconnection surfaces 126 a, 126 b that connects to snuggly removablysnaps into back cover 118. In yet another embodiment, mouth seal andnose piece 113 folds up (e.g., retracted upward) to cover a lower noseportion, as shown in FIG. 4, of user 102. In another embodiment asillustrated in FIG. 1, mouth piece and nose piece 113 folds down (e.g.,retracted downward) to lie on top surface of air filtration apparatus100. In one embodiment, rubber adapter 109 advantageously allows user102 to bite down while using apparatus 100, for instance, to preventgrinding of, for instance, user's tooth area 122. In one variant of thisembodiment, nose piece 113 may restrict air flow to nose area, e.g.,below user 102 nostril region, and thereby advantageously provideincreased air flow through mouth piece 107.

In a first embodiment, user 102 inhales air flow 112 through mouth piece107 using mouth 101. Suction force created by user 102 (e.g., wheninhaling) causes air flow 112 that opens diaphragm 108 operativelyconnected at connection point 130 to intake air valve 110. In oneembodiment, suction force causes diaphragm 108, e.g., flappers 132 a,132 b, to flex along contour line 131, to open and allow air flowthrough openings 129 a, 129 b in backstop 114 for air flow 112 passingthrough openings 128 in front cover 120. While passing through openings128, air flow 112, e.g., from a user's environment, passes throughreplaceable filter 103 and through chamber 116 bounded by front cover120 and back cover 118 to mouth 101.

In one embodiment, air intake valve 110 and diaphragm 108 may be anycombination of flapper, rubber stopper or disk device, differentialpressure valve, or the like, that operatively connects with a structuralcomponent, e.g., such as contoured backstop 114, to limit range ofmotion, to assist in providing at least a partial air seal for diaphragm108. In yet another variant, air intake valve 110 may be operativelyconnected with a diaphragm having multitude of venting or flappingstructures, which, for instance, open and close position in response touser's breath flow and seal about, for instance, contoured backstop. Inanother variant, contoured backstop 114 includes one or more semicircular structures, e.g., openings 129 a, 129 b, and diaphragm 108pivotally connects to air intake valve 110 to open or close.

In yet another variant, intake air valve 110 is incorporated withseveral venting structures, e.g., louvers or moveable venting elementsor structures, including movements like a retractable window shade orblind. In one embodiment, backstop 114 is disposed proximal a directionof air flow (e.g., parallel to that of air flow surfaces) of replaceablefilter 103 and cooperates with air intake valve 110 to prevent air flowout backcover 118 when the first air value 110 occupies closed position(e.g., flappers 132 a, 132 b flexed to closed position).

In another embodiment, user 102 exhales breath 106 through mouth piece109 to close air intake valve 110 (closes 132 a, 132 b) and opens firstexhaust air valve 140 (and in one embodiment both first exhaust airvalve 140 and second exhaust air valve 142) to expel air 154 a, 154 binto the environment. In one exemplary embodiment, diaphragms, 170 a,170 b open and close, e.g., flappers 148 a, 148 b open or close, e.g.,along flex lines 145 a, 145 b, about connections 153 a, 153 b to firstand second exhaust valves 140, 142, to expel air 154 a, 154 b. In oneembodiment, first and second exhaust valves 140, 142 detachably connectsalong surfaces 146, 148 (e.g., screws into, snaps into, a combinationthereof, or the like) to, for instance, ends of back cover 118 and frontcover 120.

Advantageously, this present invention (as compared to conventionalfiltration apparatus having the same port for both input/exhaust breath)has separate exhaust air valve(s) 140, 142 and intake air valve 110 toreduce or prevent condensation or build-up of water vapor exhaled withuser's breath. In one embodiment, the valve(s) 140, 142 are pointedtoward the ground so that condensation will fall to the ground insteadof building up side the apparatus 100. In one embodiment, separateexhaust and intake valves prevent air filtration apparatus condensationwhen there is temperature differential between environment and user'sbreath, e.g., environment has a temperature about 50 degrees and user'sbreath is about 110 degrees while perspiring. In another embodiment, ascompared to conventional air filtration systems, replaceable filter 103is positioned after backstop 118 and not accessible by a user's breathduring exhale stage. For instance, when air intake valve 110 is closed,replaceable filter 103 avoids hot air, e.g., moist air or hot vapor,expelled by user 102 breathing heavily (e.g., perspiring or duringexercise) while at least one of the exhaust air valves 140, 142 is open.

In yet embodiment, air filtration apparatus 100 includes, advantageouslyas compared to conventional straight walled non-contoured devices,angled walls 160, 162 (e.g., wrap-around contoured chamber) formed byfront cover 120 and back cover 118. As compared to conventionalnon-contoured air filtration devices, angled walls 160, 162, increasesair flow and suction between mouth piece 107 and either intake valve 110or exhaust valve(s) 140, 142 when in, for instance, in an open position.In one alternative embodiment, angled walls 160, 162 may be chosenbetween an angle of 25 degrees to 45 degrees (e.g., to a direction ofexhaust valves 140, 142) so as to maximize air suction/unit of userbreath for air chamber formed by enclosed surfaces substantiallysurrounded by front cover 120 and back cover 118. In one embodiment,front cover 120 and back cover 118 snap together (and, in onealternative embodiment, may be attached solely by snapping means or incombination with an epoxy adhesive to further secure each to oneanother).

In one alternative, air filtration system 100 includes replaceable andinterchangeable components, e.g., diaphragms or air flow back stops, toallow customization, for instance, of a pressure at which user's breathflow opens, closes, or partially opens or closes air valve(s), e.g.,intake air valve 110, exhaust air valve(s) 140, 142. In this way, airfiltration device 100 interchangeable parts may be custom tailored toenvironmental pressures or temperatures, body types, body size, or typeof sporting event. In one embodiment, exhale system may include two airvalves positioned orthogonal to a direction of inhale air flow from thatof an inhale air valve to minimize condensation, for instance, watervapor formed when a user's breath temperature inside chamber has adifferent, for example a 10 to 50 degree temperature differential, thanthat of the environment outside the chamber.

Advantageously as shown in one embodiment as compared to conventionalsingle intake/exhaust openings, the air filtration device bypositioning, e.g., in one embodiment, substantially orthogonal to oneanother, so that separate, individually actuated, air intake and exhaustvalves provides a system for separating exhale and inhale breathingstages. For instance, the device design provides inherent separationproperties of air intake (a removable filter at least partially shieldedwhen air intake valve is closed) from that of exhaust intake (when valveis open) to prevent condensation from hot air exhaling enteringremovable filter. Furthermore, because each intake and exhaust isseparated, each system can be designed substantially independently formaximize performance as well as customize intake and exhaust propertiesindividually/separate for an individual. Advantageous as compared toconventional fixed apparatus designs, the present invention having, inone embodiment, snap together or screw-on construction provides for easyinterchanging and washing of components (after use). In addition, incontrast to conventional systems, the present contoured design (angleddesign) provides stream lined as well as better channel or vessel forintake as well as exhale of air exchanges.

Exemplary Methods

Referring now to FIG. 5, an exemplary embodiment of a method 200 formanufacturing using the aforementioned air filtration apparatus isdescribed. While described primarily in the context of the exemplaryembodiments of apparatus 100 shown in FIGS. 1-5, it will be appreciatedthat the methodology presented herein may be readily adapted to manydifferent configurations of apparatus 100 as recognized by those ofordinary skill in the art.

In step 202, user 102 creates suction force using mouth 101 to causeincoming airflow 112 (e.g., air from environment), which opens diaphragm108 and causes airflow 112 through chamber within air filtrationapparatus 100 to user's mouth 101. In step 204, user 102 exhales throughmouth 101 to close diaphragm 108 and to open diaphragms 170 a, 170 b toexhale air 154 a,154 b through valves 140, 142. In step 206, user 102quick snap disassembles air filtration apparatus 100 to clean and washcomponents including replaceable filter 103. In one variant, propertiesof replaceable filter 103 chosen to meet environmental requirements of auser, e.g., smoke or smog laden valley, where user 102 wishes to use airfiltration apparatus 100.

It will be appreciated that while certain aspects of the invention havebeen described in terms of a specific sequence of steps of a method,these descriptions are only illustrative of the broader methods of theinvention, and may be modified as required by the particularapplication. Certain steps may be rendered unnecessary or optional undercertain circumstances. Additionally, certain steps or functionality maybe added to the disclosed embodiments, or the order of performance oftwo or more steps permuted. All such variations are considered to beencompassed within the invention disclosed and claimed herein.

While the above detailed description has shown, described, and pointedout novel features of the invention as applied to various embodiments,it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions, and changesin the form and details of the device or process illustrated may be madeby those skilled in the art without departing from the invention. Theforegoing description is of the best mode presently contemplated ofcarrying out the invention. This description is in no way meant to belimiting, but rather should be taken as illustrative of the generalprinciples of the invention. The scope of the invention should bedetermined with reference to the claims.

1. An air filtration assembly comprises: a first valve coupled to afirst diaphragm to open and close in response to an inhale response offlow of a user's breath; and a second valve coupled to a seconddiaphragm to open and close in response to an exhale response of theflow of the user's breath.
 2. The air filtration assembly of claim 1,further comprising a mouth piece and a replaceable filter, thereplaceable filter shaped to conform to an inner surface dimensionalityof the outer cover and to be substantially shielded from the exhaleresponse of the user's breath by a closed position of the first valve.3. The air filtration assembly of claim 1, wherein the first valve andthe second valve are positioned substantially orthogonal to one anotherto increase effective isolation properties between inhale and exhalestages.
 4. The air filtration assembly of claim 1, further comprising athird valve positioned substantially oppositely directed and in a sameplane as the second valve, the third valve coupled to a third diaphragmto open and close in response to the exhale response of the flow of theuser's breath.
 5. The air filtration assembly of claim 2, furthercomprising a backstop, the back stop operatively connected to the firstdiaphragm to provide a restriction of motion of the first diaphragm wheneither in an open or a closed position as well as provide isolation ofthe inhale response and the exhale response of the flow of the user'sbreath.
 6. The air filtration assembly of claim 1, further comprising amouth piece seal and a nose piece that retractably extends to cover auser's nose; wherein the second valve comprises a diaphragm have afolding venting or flapping structure to open and close in response tothe flow of the user's breath.
 7. An air filtration assembly comprises:a replaceable filter; a first valve operatively coupled to a firstflapper to at least partially open in response to an inhale response ofa user to allow air to enter the replaceable filter and to at leastpartially close in response to an exhale response of a user and to atleast partially shield the replaceable filter during the exhaleresponse; and a second and third valve operatively disposed orthogonallyto the first valve and operatively coupled to a second and third flappervalves respectively to at least partially open in response to an exhaleresponse of a user to exhaust air from the user.
 8. The air filtrationassembly of claim 7, further comprising a mouth piece and a replaceablefilter, the replaceable filter shaped to conform to a contour shape ofthe air filtration assembly and to be substantially shielded from theexhale response of the user through a closed position of the firstvalve.
 9. The air filtration assembly of claim 7, wherein the secondvalve and the third valve are positioned substantially oppositelydirected and in a same plane as one another.
 10. The air filtrationassembly of claim 7, further comprising a backstop, the back stopoperatively connected to the first diaphragm to provide a restriction ofmotion of the first diaphragm when either in an open or a closedposition as well as provide isolation of the inhale response and theexhale response of the user.
 11. The air filtration assembly of claim 7,further comprising a mouth piece seal and a nose piece that retractablyextends to cover a user's nose; wherein the second valve and the thirdvalue operatively connect to a diaphragm have a folding venting orflapping structure to open and close in response to the exhale andinhale response of the user.
 12. The air filtration assembly of claim 7,further comprising a mouth piece seal and a nose piece that retractablyextends to cover a user's nose; wherein the second valve and the thirdvalue operatively connect to a diaphragm have a folding venting orflapping structure to open and close in response to the exhale andinhale response of the user; wherein the second valve and the thirdvalve are positioned downward to provide escape of condensation duringthe exhale response in a downward direction relative to a restingpositional direction of the air filtration assembly.